Adolescence is a critical time for identity formation, including gender identity. Navigating social norms while exploring different gender identities can be extremely challenging. At Muir Wood, we recognize the importance of understanding and supporting gender-diverse teens as they navigate this period.
Understanding Gender Identity
Gender is a social construct made of characteristics, behaviors, and cultural traits that exist on a spectrum of identities and expressions. A person’s gender identity is their internal sense of gender, which may or may not align with their assigned sex at birth. The spectrum includes:
- Cisgender: Those whose gender identity aligns with assigned sex at birth
- Transgender: Those whose gender identity differs from assigned sex at birth
- Non-binary: Those who don’t identify with male or female gender identities
- Genderqueer, gender fluid, and gender-neutral: Encompasses other identities that fall outside the gender binary
Almost one in five transgender people (18%) are adolescents aged 13–17. However, this statistic likely underestimates the full spectrum of gender-diverse youth, as it doesn’t capture every stage of gender identity exploration. This underscores the importance of awareness and support for gender-diverse teens.
Challenges Faced by Gender-Diverse Teens
Despite growing acceptance of gender diversity, lingering misconceptions and stigma surrounding gender identity can significantly impact mental health in teens. In response, the behavioral health field now includes specialists such as gender dysphoria therapists. These providers expand the range of care available for teens.
Gender-diverse adolescents often face unique challenges:
- Social discrimination and marginalization
- Higher rates of mental health issues, including depression and anxiety
- Increased risk of substance use, self-harm, and suicidal ideation and attempts
Research indicates that gender-diverse youth are at a significantly higher risk for negative mental health outcomes compared to cisgender peers. A comprehensive survey of LGBTQ teenagers by the Human Rights Campaign (HRC) and the University of Connecticut found that 60% of trans and gender-expressive youth were diagnosed with depression, 68.2% reported anxiety, and 69.3% felt they had a poor or fair ability to manage stress. A majority of 53.9% say they consistently feel unsafe in at least one school setting.
Young people who are subjected to this kind of ever-present stress are at a much higher risk of suicide and disproportionately try to self-medicate their fear, anxiety, and depression with drugs and alcohol.
Key Concepts in Gender Identity
Gender identity is a nuanced topic. These key concepts offer insight into the experiences of gender-diverse individuals.
Gender Expression
Gender expression refers to how individuals outwardly present their gender identity through appearance, behavior, and chosen names or pronouns. These expressions may not always conform to societal expectations for a particular gender.
Gender Dysphoria
Gender dysphoria refers to the significant distress experienced when gender identity or expression differs from sex assigned at birth. It usually involves a desire to be treated as another gender or discomfort with one’s sex characteristics.
While common among gender-diverse teens, not all experience it. However, for teens experiencing significant gender-related distress, referral to a gender dysphoria therapist or specialist may be appropriate.
Gender Euphoria
The opposite of gender dysphoria, gender euphoria is the fulfillment one feels when their gender expression aligns with their gender identity. This can involve feeling joy when someone uses preferred pronouns or names and a general confidence in one’s own skin.
Gender Envy
While not a clinical term, gender envy is most often used by teens to describe admiration for characteristics associated with a gender different from their own. This might manifest as a desire to express certain gender-related traits.
Muir Wood’s Approach
We are committed to compassionate, informed care for gender-diverse teens under our care. While Muir Wood does not specialize in gender dysphoria treatment, we strive to foster an inclusive and affirming environment. Our approach includes addressing co-occurring mental and substance use challenges and ensuring each teen receives treatment that honors their individuality. We aim to provide a safe, non-judgmental space for treatment.
Resources for Teens and Families
We recommend the following resources for further information and support:
Remember, every teen’s path is unique. If you’re concerned about your teen’s well-being, our experienced professionals are here to provide guidance. Contact Muir Wood, call us at 866-705-0828, or fill out an assessment form to learn how we can help support your teen’s health and well-being.